DHA Supplementation Boosts Blood Fatty Acids in Preterm Infants, Study Finds

A new study published in Pediatric Research on June 5, 2026, explores how enteral DHA supplementation affects blood fatty acid levels in preterm infants. The findings highlight significant changes in DHA concentrations, offering potential benefits for neurodevelopment and inflammation control in this vulnerable group. The research focused on preterm infants receiving DHA through enteral feeds. Compared to a control group, those given supplementation showed a marked increase in blood DHA levels. These elevated concentrations remained stable throughout the monitoring period, suggesting lasting effects on neurodevelopment.

The study also revealed shifts in other fatty acid subsets, indicating broader impacts on lipid metabolism. By modulating the omega-6 to omega-3 ratio, DHA supplementation may help reduce chronic inflammation in preterm babies. The enteral method proved both practical and well-tolerated, avoiding complications often linked to intravenous lipid delivery.

Researchers carefully controlled for confounding variables, strengthening the reliability of their results. Detailed blood fatty acid profiling provided deeper insights into how preterm infants process fats, supporting the idea of tailored neonatal nutrition. The findings open doors for further investigation into ideal dosing, timing, and long-term safety of DHA supplementation. The study underscores the potential of enteral DHA to improve fatty acid balance and reduce inflammation in preterm infants. Sustained DHA levels suggest ongoing neurodevelopmental benefits, while the enteral route offers a feasible alternative to parenteral methods. These results pave the way for more targeted research into optimising DHA use in neonatal care.