Vietnam's bold shift: Preventing chronic diseases through nutrition reform

Vietnam is tackling a growing health crisis as non-communicable diseases now cause 80% of deaths in the country. Conditions like heart disease, stroke, cancer and diabetes are taking a heavy toll. A new law aims to shift the focus from treatment to prevention as part of broader health reforms. From 1 July 2026, the Law on Disease Prevention will come into force. It signals a major change in Vietnam’s healthcare approach, prioritising early intervention over cure. Nutrition is recognised as one of the most effective ways to reduce the risk of chronic illnesses and improve public health.

The country also faces a dual nutrition challenge. While stunting affects many children under five, overweight and obesity rates are rising among young people. Experts highlight the role of diet in addressing this issue.

International guidelines recommend increasing plant protein intake to lower chronic disease risk. Soybeans, for example, provide all nine essential amino acids along with beneficial compounds like isoflavones and fibre. Eating up to 800 grams of fruit and vegetables daily can cut cardiovascular disease risk by 20-32%. High whole grain consumption is linked to a 30% reduction in type 2 diabetes risk. A plant-based diet also helps regulate blood lipids, sugar levels, and supports gut health.

Specialists are urging stronger cooperation to advance microbiome research. They also call for the development of sustainable raw material regions and better evidence-based nutrition communication across Vietnam. The upcoming law reflects Vietnam’s commitment to preventive healthcare. Improved nutrition, particularly through plant-based foods, offers a practical way to combat chronic diseases. Collaboration and research will play a key role in shaping healthier diets and reducing the burden of NCDs.