Minnesota battles rare fungal outbreak linked to sexual transmission

Minnesota is facing a growing outbreak of a rare fungal infection spread through sexual contacts. The infection, known as Trichophyton mentagrophytes genotype VII (TMVII), has now affected over 30 people in the state—the largest cluster in the region. Health officials warn that the fungus is highly contagious and resistant to many standard treatments.

The first U.S. case of TMVII was recorded in New York in June 2025. Since then, the infection has spread rapidly across the country and beyond. By early 2026, confirmed cases had appeared in at least 17 countries, including France, Germany, Canada, the UK, Spain, India, Australia, and Brazil. Many infections have been linked to travellers who visited Thailand and had sexual contacts with sex workers.

The fungus causes itchy and painful skin lesions, often in the genital, perianal, and abdominal areas. Unlike typical fungal infections, TMVII does not respond well to common antifungal medications. Treatment can take up to 12 weeks, making it difficult to control. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has classified TMVII as an emerging fungal threat due to its resistance and rapid global spread.

Health authorities advise those infected to avoid sexual contacts and refrain from sharing personal items or clothing. Washing and drying clothes at high temperatures is recommended to kill the spores. Most reported cases outside the U.S. have involved men who have sex with men, though the infection can affect anyone.

Minnesota's outbreak remains the largest in the U.S., with health officials monitoring the situation closely. The CDC continues to track cases and update treatment guidelines as the infection spreads. Preventative measures, such as proper hygiene and avoiding shared items, are critical to limiting further transmission.