New Italian study uncovers hidden risks in women's heart disease

A new Italian study is focusing on acute coronary syndromes (ACS) in women, a group often overlooked in heart disease research. The GEDI-ACS registry has begun collecting detailed data to improve diagnosis and treatment for female patients. Early findings from the first 68 participants highlight unique patterns in symptoms, risk factors, and outcomes.

The registry aims to enrol 100 women with ACS across multiple Italian heart centres. So far, the average age of participants is 68, with 7.4% identifying as non-Caucasian. A striking 85.3% show low health literacy, which could impact their understanding of treatment.

Most women in the study—86%—experienced ACS as their first cardiovascular event. Chest pain was the main symptom for 88.2%, though the types of ACS were evenly spread. Over a third (38.2%) had myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA), a condition where heart damage occurs without blocked arteries.

Risk factors were common among participants. High cholesterol affected 83.6%, hypertension 77.9%, and half had a history of smoking. Pregnancy complications, autoimmune diseases, and past cancers were also noted. Psychosocial stress played a major role, with 42.6% reporting anxiety or depression.

Within 30 days of their ACS event, no deaths, strokes, or repeat heart attacks occurred. However, 11.3% still suffered from recurrent chest pain. The registry's approach includes sex-specific, socioeconomic, and molecular data to create better care plans for women.

The GEDI-ACS registry provides early insights into ACS in women, revealing high rates of MINOCA and psychosocial stress. With no severe complications in the first month, the focus now shifts to long-term management. The findings could help shape more effective, tailored treatments for female heart patients.