Why older cats and dogs need better nutrition as lifespans soar

Pets are living longer than ever, yet the pet food industry lacks clear guidelines on how to feed them in their later years. While some cats and dogs now reach their 20s or even 30s, no standard nutritional advice exists for senior animals—leaving owners and vets with few evidence-based options.

Over the past 50 years, the average lifespan of dogs has climbed from 10–12 years to 12–14 years. Cats now live even longer, with averages rising from 10–12 years to 14–17 years. These gains come from better veterinary care, improved diets, parasite control, and preventive treatments like regular check-ups.

Cats typically begin ageing around eight years old, while dogs show signs earlier or later depending on their size. Yet despite these changes, most 'senior pet' foods on the market appear driven by marketing rather than tailored science. Research suggests older animals have distinct nutritional needs, but current formulations often fail to address them.

Generating reliable data for the oldest pets poses difficulties, as their health varies widely. Still, experimental studies show that targeted nutrition can help manage age-related conditions. Emma Bermingham, a researcher with 20 years' experience in pet nutrition, has focused much of her work on senior animals. She will discuss these gaps at a forum on Tuesday, April 28.

Bermingham argues that the industry must develop senior-specific nutritional guidelines. Without them, owners may struggle to support their pets' health as they age.

The call for clearer standards comes as pets live far beyond previous expectations. If adopted, senior-specific guidelines could help address age-related conditions more effectively. The forum on April 28 will highlight both the challenges and the need for action.